If you want SPL (Student Pilot License), you need to be at least 16 years old.
read more...For PPL (aeroplane or helicopter), you need to be at least 17 years old.
read more...For CPL (aeroplane or helicopter) you must be at least 18 years old.
read more...For ATPL (aeroplane or helicopter) minimum age requirement is 21 years.
read more...You need a medical clearance from a DGCA approved doctor. For SPL and PPL Class 2 medical certificate is enough. For CPL or ATPL you need a more thorough Class 1 medical certificate (tests like eyesight hearing body fitness, etc.).
read more...SPL: No fixed minimum hours basic ground training + medical clearance.
PPL: About 40 hours total flying (includes some solo flying time).
CPL: Around 200 flying hours (for aeroplane) as part of training.
If you aim for CPL or ATPL you need PCM in Class 12th. However for SPL or PPL only Class 10 is required so yes you can start early and build up later.
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