A First Officer also called co pilot is a trained commercial pilot who works alongside the Captain to fly the aircraft safely. They sit in the cockpit (usually on the right hand side) and act as the second in command.
As described in Who Is a First Officer and related aviation resources the main duties include:
Operating the aircraft: Whether during take off landing or cruising First Officer helps fly the plane either as pilot flying or pilot monitoring.
Monitoring flight systems: They watch over instruments engine performance fuel levels and weather conditions to ensure everything stays within safe limits.
Navigation and flight planning: First Officer helps with route planning fuel calculations and weather checks to prepare for the flight.
Communication with Air Traffic Control (ATC): They handle radio communications follow ATC instructions, and coordinate with ground staff throughout the flight.
Safety checks & compliance: Before and after each flight they perform safety and system checks, follow standard operating procedures, and complete mandatory checklists.
Passenger and crew safety coordination: First Officer coordinates with cabin crew helps ensure passenger safety, and supports the Captain in emergencies if needed.
Support in emergencies or abnormal situations: In case of an emergency or unusual situation, the First Officer supports the Captain to manage flight operations safely.
Even though the Captain has the final authority the First Officer is essential. The job demands good communication strong technical knowledge quick decision making and calmness under pressure. Their cooperation with the Captain ensures safe efficient flights.