In the context of aviation the terms pilot license and pilot certificate are often used interchangeably but there can be subtle distinctions depending on the country or regulatory authority (like the FAA in the United States or EASA in Europe).
1. Terminology and regulatory origin
In the United States the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) officially issues pilot certificates (e.g. Private Pilot Certificate Commercial Pilot Certificate, Airline Transport Pilot Certificate).
Many people outside the FAA regulatory framework or informally in conversation refer to those certificates as licenses. Some countries use the term license in their regulations (for example a Private Pilot License or PPL in EASA jurisdictions).
2. Rights and privileges Whether you say certificate or license the document authorizes you to act as a pilot under specific conditions. The certificate or license prescribes the privileges you have (e.g.carrying passengers flying at night flying under instrument flight rules) and also the limitations (e.g. whether flight instruction commercial transport or only private flying). The wording may vary but the regulatory intent is identical: it s the official document that says “you are allowed to fly this kind of aircraft under these rules, after meeting these requirements.
3. Requirements and legal standing Both types require that the pilot meets various standards passing written exams completing practical flight training logging required flight hours passing practical (flight skill) tests and maintaining medical fitness. The document whether called a certificate or a license is legally required to operate as pilot of record. Unauthorized flying without it is illegal and unsafe.
4. Practical takeaway For most practical purposes you can treat pilot license and pilot certificate as the same thing the formal authorization to act as a pilot. If you re talking about U.S. FAA regulations the FAA officially calls it a certificate if you're in other countries or speaking generally license is a widely understood synonym.